The example given was that a vskip 2 cm, when run in tex, would measure exactly 2 cm from baseline to baseline, whereas the same running latex would result in 2 cm from baseline to topline. Just set pagestyle {empty} in the title page part using cleardoublepage after end {titlepage}. Thanks! You do not have the required permissions to view the files attached to this post. One might want to replace the second makebox[0pt]{. 1 Answer. 1. hrule is not affected by aselineskip or lineskip. For example mbox{. egin {figure} [b]. Unfortunately is not entirely clear, how should your table looks like: defined are 11 columns, but used only 9; table lines had not to be outside tabularx environment (or any others); I would use S defined in the siunitx package columns for numbers, which are in them aligned at decimal points; After cleanup your code fragment, the possible MWE. I have a beamer presentation, and I found some code to make a slide with just the section title at the start of each section. If I try. ) By simply adding \ vfill or \\ at the end of the second minipage environment, we instruct LaTeX to place the remaining two subfigures in the second row. 3 Answers. Of course, this argument is a TeX dimension. This environment takes as a mandatory argument the width of the text since TeX needs to know, before breaking text into lines, how wide the lines should be. It is often used in the same. 2 Answers. . hispagestyle {empty} tells LaTeX to avoid adorning the current page with headers and footers. But LaTeX also provides \savebox to avoid this duplication. 1 Answer. 1. graphics. In fact, using \vfill does det4ect the height of the frame and automatically adjusts space evenly to match. Sorted by: 3. 2 Answers. defps@headings{% def@oddfoot{hfill}% let. This example illustrates. To fill the line, we can use it as given below. kruger11 » Tue Oct 13, 2009 3:53 am. If a page contains multiple \vfill s, the space space is distributed equally between them. 2. Dear LC members, I am using beamer for some presentation. I use vfill in some places to type at the end of the page but it seems not to work properly. \cleardoublepage tells LaTeX to issue a new page if the current one (the fresh page initiated after \clearpage) is odd. " is moved to the bottom, and the rest of the space is filled in. Postby localghost » Thu Jan 28, 2010 9:27 pm. Dear LC members, I am using beamer for some presentation. A hrule by default has height 0. Didn't work but: I inserted a new paragraph in white color. documents, including tiling. Therefore, you cannot use vfill, because the inner text box has no fixed height. eps}}. which is "correct" as essentially a vfill is added at the bottom. Thank you very much, Bartman! Here is a. Latex now has a build in support for adding stuff to the background via its hook mechanism: documentclass [a4paper,11pt,titlepage,twoside,openany] {book} usepackage {epsfig} usepackage {plain} usepackage {setspace} usepackage. )By simply adding vfill or at the end of the second minipage environment, we instruct LaTeX to place the remaining two subfigures in the second row. If you want to turn off columns being forced to equal height, use the starred version egin {multicols*} {2}. From what I've read, \vfil (on its own) adds enough glue to push the subsequent text to the bottom of the box. 5. – Herbert Sitz. If they are going to be different, you can use tabular instead. clearpage ends the current page and prepares LaTeX to build a new one. For instance, \enskip\enspace, \quad, \parskip, \smallskip,. The column to the left is labeled "Examples of like terms:" and the column to the right. So what you get is. However, a few additional refinements are required. It only takes a minute to sign up. The blank space below the frame is the same as the blank space between paragraphs. The command hrulefill doesn't know where it is issued from; it just fills the remaining space on the line in a similar way to what hfill does (actually it is the same way). The two rules here are 22pt apart: the sum of the aselineskip and the 10pt from the first addvspace. Otherwise it inserts the equivalent of. I could only find ways to place a figure at the bottom overlapping both columns. After the last title page, switch to pagenumbering {roman} for the abstract, then to pagenumbering {arabic} for the main text. However, a few additional refinements are required. vskip 2cm ye. You can use the titlepage environment, which gives you much more command over how the title page looks like -- including the spacing. This environment takes as a mandatory argument the width of the text since TeX needs to know, before breaking text into lines, how wide the lines should be. Since \maketitle does actual output, it needs to be used after \begin {document}. To make this work (in case anyone is having trouble) I had to include this in the preamble before egin {document}, not near maketitle itself. I've attempted placing the footer content within the footer using fancyhdr, but the problem is that the column rule overlaps the footer. This, however, doesn't seem to make the spaces on top and bottom of the images. It uses the eso-pic package, but provides simple commands to include effects such as tiling. 1 Answer. Latex now has a build in support for adding stuff to the background via its hook mechanism: \documentclass [a4paper,11pt,titlepage,twoside,openany] {book} \usepackage {epsfig} \usepackage {plain} \usepackage {setspace} \usepackage [paperheight=29. When I add the command vfill as in the MWE below, it is possible to center the text on the even page but modify the page layout on the odd page, as shown in the figure 2. com, and is already loaded in Overleaf so you can start writing. Text at the top of the page. The subfig package offers the subfloat command:LaTeX commands, packages, etc. I think that providing compilable documents makes it lot easier for the reader to test the code to see if it has desired effect. ExampThe solution of adding the "twoside" option worked fine for me, except that when I have a page, say the conclusion, where I have just two paragraphs, so maybe half of the page filled and I then add a "pagebreak" for having the "reference" part on a new page, it stretches the whole content of the conclusion page s. maketitle. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. So it is better to stay with a simple rule. With ewpage, on the other hand, the old page will have the blank space at the bottom, because the paragraphs will. it fills up the whole page. subfigure [<optional argument>] {mandatory argument} what happens with your code is that the mandatory argument is centering. filbreak while defined in LaTeX isn't really implementing a LaTeX concept but provides a simple mechanism (originally defined in plain TeX) for handling "simple" galley material. Svante. Spaces and Boxes Lengths Table of Contents. LaTeX Basics. . Instead of it you should use some other command, for example vspace {<amount>} or predefined medskip etc. It's nearly always the case that you don't want the * form. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. I would like to get rid of these, whilst still maintaining the functionality of subfigure which allows me to reference individual subfigures. [Tex/LaTex] vfill and vertical space. mdfsetup {skipabove= opskip,skipbelow= opskip} ewrobustcmdExampleText {% An extit. That's exactly what I was looking for. Otherwise it inserts the equivalent of. KOMA-Script option captions=tableheadings added to get the correct spacing for. I am trying to create one column to the left side by side with another column to the right. i. Generally, the main thing is to redefine par to add a vfill after the par. parvfillreak % Break Last Page advancevsize by 8cm % Advance page height advancevoffset by -4cm % Shift top margin % Start big page Some pictures % End big page parvfillreak % Break the page with. nasa. That's my issue. Add a comment. \begin {multicols} {2} oindent \begin {enumerate} \item $ x^ {2} - 7x + 10 = 0 $ \item $ 2x. I could do the calculation manually but the actual table is more complicated that this example, with sub-sections and stuff, and would have to be. For example put hrule height 1pt you will see that line. It could be called (non intuitively) @potato :P But in this case, the @maketitle holds the actual formatting of the title and is called differently by maketitle in case the twocolumn option is used. The only thing we know for certain for the right part is the distance between the two baselines as we set it as the second arg of the font size of that box, the rest will often be some hand adjustment. 60 fill. In other words, they provide infinite horizontal and vertical glue, where \hfill and \vfill are infinitely larger than \hfil and \vfil respectively. I'd hugely appreciate any help and advice! please provide more information, like the height of the image. I just downloaded and installed Miktex again and using this as template now to create a new report but it won't compile even the original one again. This article outlines the basis steps to making a Beamer slideshow: creating the title page, adding a logo, highlighting important points, making a table of. Without the anchor, the vfill is like a spring. 1 Answer. The vertical alignment can be changed with the valign key which accepts the following values: bottom. ) I have. But in beamer when I use \vfill repeatedly it keeps moving the text bottom of the page. . No installation, real-time collaboration, version control, hundreds of LaTeX templates, and more. The gap above the frame can be shrunk to zero, because the frame can "know" the lower extent of the prior row. May 22, 2021 at 18:11. Aug 27, 2014 at 17:52. También es posible crear portadas en LaTeX con el entorno titlepage. For this, I use a patch for the height fixed for option. The value of the valign height key is used to put the node in a larger (higher) box. 2in %% compare when this changes to 7. Rather than vfilleject, just use ewpage. Unfortunately is not entirely clear, how should your table looks like: defined are 11 columns, but used only 9; table lines had not to be outside tabularx environment (or any others); I would use S defined in the siunitx package columns for numbers, which are in them aligned at decimal points; After cleanup your code fragment, the possible MWE. This is a list of various commands and packages that you might find useful. End the current paragraph and insert a vertical rubber length that is infinite, so it can stretch or shrink as far as needed (see Lengths ). (Since this is a recurring problem at institutions, your advisor probably has examples for such cover pages. This Thesis LaTeX template is an ideal starting point for writing your PhD thesis, masters dissertation or final year project. vfil and vfil are both commands to create vertical space, and this Stack Exchange answer explains the difference between them, but I still have no idea what the difference is after reading it. Some commands are mentioned near the package that provides them. As noted in the comments hfill doesn't have a left or right preference. Find More Templates. Here is an example of how you can use it: TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. There is a figure on the same page. Sandman. – Alexey Malistov. But from the form of your question and your MWE I wonder if a simpler answer may not be: do not. The sizes used are a bit of a fluke. These commands are actually defined as: \vskip 0cm plus 1fil \vskip 0cm plus 1fill. Presently, I accomplish this with a simple \vfill and \hfill. First, we introduce the LaTeX measurement units. I'm trying to implement a macro that begins a chapter. He says. The parbox example demonstrates a much more general issue: when processing your LaTeX code the TeX engine being used to typeset your document (pdfTeX, XeTeX or LuaTeX) might consider that LaTeX’s requests result in typeset content that does not “fit nicely” within the confines of the box provided or. documentclass {article} egin {document} ullvfill Text first line vspace {1cm} Text second line end {document} this is what to do, the "why" is that the vspace is not. Both commands start a new page. However, there are some parts where the content fills the page, and it appears that the \vfill isn't getting processed since there is a subsequent space request ( \vspace{. I'll use an example image in the code. vphantom{text}. Now given the fact that the column already contains a vfill we get equal strength and thus the word Answer ands up in the middle. It is equivalent to a blank line followed by vspacefill. It is often used in the same way as \vspace {\fill}, except that \vfill ends the current paragraph whereas \vspace {\fill} adds the infinite vertical space below its line, irrespective of. LaTeX コマンド \vfill は、垂直方向のゴムの長さを無限に挿入するため、必要なだけ伸縮できます。 テキストをページの垂直方向の中央に配置したり、ページの残りのスペースを埋めるためによく使用されます。 LaTeX provides the macro \vspace for adding an amount of space, \vspace {\fill} has the same effect as \vfill, and has the same failing. eps}} to make the figure appear only on slide 3 of the frame. end {math} 3. If Plain TeX with the standard settings is used, the width of hbox {abcd. 这些命令很脆弱（请参阅 protect ）。. End the current paragraph and insert a vertical rubber length that is infinite, so it can stretch or shrink as far as needed (see Lengths ). The horizontal position inside oalign is the left border of the tabular. For a vfill applied at the bottom of the page, you would want the anchor after the vfill. 4 Answers. As part of our Community Resources for teachers running courses, workshops and events, here we provide an Overleaf-version of the excellent quick guide to LaTeX, originally by Dave Richeson (reproduced with his kind permission). LaTeX uses the command section to create a section heading. The \vfill command is a useful LaTeX command for centering text vertically on a page or for filling up the remaining space on a page. . I'm using \vfill at the end of sections to make sure that all of my content is evenly spaced and flush upwards for consistent reading. The first invocation of \item in an environment should just use the regularly defined \item , but then redefine \item to add a \vfill prior to subsequent \item s. I think we need \vfill before \columnbreak. Jan 7, 2022 at 18:16. Hello \rule [0. i. This is modeled after the way \twocolumn works or how LaTeX finishes a document (or handles a ewpage). %enlargethispage{-5in} % that's all folks end{document}I usually add a LaTeX comment that mentions the lipsum package and lipsum command simply generate filler text. 4pt high Lorem ipsumfootnote *{This footnote should be at the bottom of the textblock} dolor sit amet, consectetur. You may also set a length from the size of a text with one of these commands: The calc package provides also the function \settototalheight{\mylength} { some text } When using these commands, you may duplicate the text that you want to use as reference if you plan to also display it. Using vfill pushes the text all the way to the bottom. Add a comment. If you'd like to tweak it to suit. May 16, 2015 at 14:04. Nobody likes to read Lorem Ipsum. Since you are not new to the forum you should already know that. Specifically, I want to be able to replicate the box that the dissertation title is in for each of the chapters as I get to that section. To set the subtitle,. To ensure the longer space happens, one can. You no longer need all these eso-pic and background package. LaTeXにおける，垂直方向の空白を出力するコマンド \vspace と，垂直方向のスペースを均等に配置する \vfill コマンドについて，その使い方を紹介しましょう。 Math Line and paragraph spacing Arbitrary size spaces nhspace{ length } makes a horizontal space. At the end of the last paragraph of the page, add 'vfill'. Is it definitively impossible to define. Let's see the two commands that insert vertical blank spaces. Works perfectly for me. subfigure [] [] {% label {beta} }%. tex-file and load them with usepackage {bookabstract} and usepackage {acknowledgments}. However, this may inevitably create empty spaces in the page where you put the FloatBarrier. End the current paragraph and insert a vertical rubber length that is infinite, so it can stretch or shrink as far as needed (see Lengths ). You will, however, get a (possibly big) area without anything, so use with caution. It only takes a minute to sign up. pdf} egin {document} Your text on the letterhead end {document} The key command in this case is of course ULCornerWallPaper {<scale>} {<file>} that places the image contained in <file> in. spacing; titles; Share. ~Authorinst {1} and S. That's why I use igskip before the vfill. 2 Answers. With colorlinks=false, we get the following:1 Answer. with stretch {1} or fill): hfill and vfill. By default, LaTeX typesets text as fully-justified, but occasionally left-aligned or "ragged right" text (for right-to-left languages) may be more appropriate—such as text within narrow columns. It is equivalent to a blank line followed by vspace fill. 2. I am using the following latex command line. You'll probably want to redefine footnoterule and add some vertical fill at that location on the page content. ) Below is an example demonstrating the use of the 3 different methods to implement mathematical expressions with a blog of text in math mode. vfill. 3cm} did the job, also your. documentclass {article} usepackage [utf8] {inputenc} egin {document} Something in this document. Here's the presentation the template produces: Vertical spacing and overlays can be tricky when working in columns. Go to the first , previous , next , last section, table of contents . Write your document as if on a6 paper, then use pgfpages or pgfmorepages to put four pages on one. . I think using vfill would reduce the trial and error part. The command @makefntext prints out the footnote number ( @makefnmark) + the actual footnote itself (taken as an argument #1 ). The general idea is to repeat a box as many times as necessary to fill up some given space. This LaTeX template is used by many universities as the basis for thesis and dissertation submissions, and is a great way to get started if you haven't been provided with a specific version from your department. Actually, since igskip may be used by various low-level TeX and LaTeX routines, I would not change the default value of igskipamount. The leavevmode is defined by LaTeX and plainTeX and ensures that the vertical mode is ended and horizontal mode is entered. In short, instead of. breaks the line without filling the current line. @cfr That hrule is the reference point from where the horizontal dotted lines will be filled. documentclass {article} egin {document} egingroup flushbottom setlength {parskip} {0pt plus 1fil}% ableofcontents ewpage endgroup section {Section A} subsection {Subsection B. Even if those equations are the most horribly twisted and most difficult mathematical problems that can only be solved on a super-computer, you can at least count on LaTeX {} to make them look stunning. 5em] {\fill} {1pt} It is my understanding that this should print the text “ Hello ” followed by a horizontal rule that extends until the end of the line, analogously to the macro \hfill which is effectively equivalent to \hspace\fill. – David Carlisle. The linebreak doesn't work, because there is no line to be broken, because writing something after any other code in LaTeX doesn't mean it will appear immediately after that; LaTeX is not like that. 7 extwidth} Share. Note that the manual warns on several different places to not use this feature because it is "evil". Obvious errors that wer mentioned haven't been fixed but dragged around further. add another \vfill after the text. I apply an optional argument to your mybox environment. Visit Stack ExchangeInternational Languages Math Exam XeLaTeX Chinese. I can do this by still using. I made a LaTex Beamer template for creating presentations in a two-column format. Below a minimal working example: documentclass[12pt,a4paper,footinclude=true,twoside,headinclude=true]{scrbook}. If vfill is the last command inside multicols*, it generates extra space, as in this example. Presently, I accomplish this with a simple vfill and hfill. 1 Loading the package Load this package using usepackage[ options ]{subcaption} . g. Using the multicols* environment worked great -- thanks! (I did notice something unexpected with the spacing, though. clearpage. I also was trying to combine vfill within multicols to vertically space items. As a starting point, a LaTeX package called columbidaeTitle. If it's long as is on multiple page, there must be a some vspace at top et bottom of the content. 09. One or the other is sufficient. vfill caption{The commands used to define the frames for this document g. If you want to push down all the three biographies, put just only one vfill before them (and none between them!) If you want to push up biographies, vfill comes below them. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. Whenever my class handouts require a second side, I add the indicator Page 2$\rightarrow$ at the bottom (flush right) to spotlight the fact that there is additional content on the flip-side. 1 Answer. 0. Additionally, LaTeX provides the following advanced option for line break. \vfill Text at the bottom of the page. The man use of the * form is for special layouts like titles or chapter heads where you are after a forced break and you may want to have negative spacing to insert a graphic or some such that overlaps the head area as you know the. For example: documentclass {article} usepackage [demo] {graphicx} usepackage {geometry} usepackage {caption} egin {document} ewgeometry {textheight=240mm} %This increases the 'box' Latex uses for you image addtolength. This means vfill won't have much room to expand, this you don't see a large effect. You're right, I could use the \vfill trick you mentioned. Well, whatever it does, once I put a clearpage after each figure and table, it worked beautifully. If you uncomment the last vfill, the two columns will. Generally, the main thing is to redefine \par to add a \vfill after the \par. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. In any case, if you insist, here's what I suggest. Usually, the title is the first thing in a document. I have never encountered the ointerlineskip command before. \thispagestyle {empty} tells LaTeX to avoid adorning the current page with headers and footers. Additionally, LaTeX provides the following advanced option for line break. The lower the remaining fields. The space added by \vspace is deleted at the beginning of the page, as you have seen. – Phelype Oleinik. \flushbottom says to stretch any glue on the page to make the bottom line come to the bottom. tex file (as shown in Option 2): eg. Essentially, what you are trying to do is fill the vertical gap. The problem is, that all those pages are also a section themselves. All three offer good-looking default styles; and ConTeXt makes it very easy to change that style. I don't want to put specific spacing things like vspace etc. $. I used two minipages with width 0. If you want to omit the date completely, use \date {}, which stores an empty string. if you write (foo1) mathhfill (foo2) it will align (foo1) to the left and (foo2) to the right. 7 extheight] {0. 1 Answer. starting with documentclass{. 5em] {fill} {1pt} It is my understanding that this should print the text “ Hello ” followed by a horizontal rule that extends until the end of the line, analogously to the macro hfill which is effectively equivalent to hspacefill. egin {frame} [c] {Title} vskip0pt plus 1filll This text is vertically aligned. Some comments: Note the use of % at the end of lines. The vfill fill command produces a rubber length which can stretch or shrink vertically. 6 extwidth} Constraint: If two captions span different number of lines, then first lines are not top aligned. However, you will need to do. So when vrule or hrule is seen in the input, TeX translates it into the internal command vrule or hrule respectively. The primitives vrule and hrule are defined to have these command codes (in §265 of “Part 18: The Hash Table”). With the key hvlines, all the rules are. \vskip 2cm One line. Posts: 9202. if you write (foo1) \mathhfill (foo2) it will align (foo1) to the left and (foo2) to the right. 0 minus 2. Each entry in the table of contents is set as separate paragraph. end. Roberts:} oindent PARAGRAPH ONE: åäö åwäää for letter. 301; 713. 2. LateX even outputs the message Overfull vbox (145. Maybe not the most sophisticated solution, but it did the job. There will be some text between these images in the right column, of variable length. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. Because there is no height defined it does nothing. – Paul Biggar. Share. \documentclass {article} \begin {document} \vspace* {250px} I want to be further down on the page : ( \vspace {250px} Haha! Sucker :D \end {document} 2. This version is perfect for sharing as a PDF, or as a two-sided printed handout. Well, whatever it does, once I put a clearpage after each figure and table, it worked beautifully. Then it computes the difference between the requested size and this natural width and divides the excess equally between the three spaces. In horizontal mode you can say. You can add negative as well as positive space with an vspace command. This is what I've got so far: The vertical space of the separation line is obviously way too huge. Also assuming your are using the default centre positioned frames, beamer automatically adds a vfil at the top and bottom of the frame, so any effect you might see from vfill will be distributed between at least 3 places, this making it even less noticeable. vfill is an instruction that, more or less, tells TeX to "finish the paragraph and insert blank space to fill". (Edit) Here is an example. In vertical mode, TeX stacks horizontal boxes vertically, whereas in horizontal mode, they are taken as part of the text line. (Edit) I am writing in a two column document. There are also macros to add fixed spaces, for istance \, is equivalent to \hspace {0. 5em,. – Herbert Sitz. Beamer uses vfill to vertically justify your slide. How can I force moving to an entirely new page? I tried: ewpage ~ ewpage. g. LaTeX 命令 \vfill 插入无限长度的垂直橡胶，因此它可以根据需要拉伸或收缩。. I think we need vfill before columnbreak. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. To use this solution simply copy the two . \vspace* {\fill} and remove the \\ from the ends of paragraphs, they are always wrong and generate underfull box warnings. – John Kormylo. On the other hand, when the frame ends, and a new baseline must be set, LaTeX. Now given the fact that the column already contains a \vfill we get equal strength and thus the word Answer ands up in the middle. TeX provides the commands \vfil and \vfill (and their corresponding horizontal versions \hfil and \hfill ). {label32} caption{a big image} end{figure} end{center} vfill estoregeometry end{landscape} end{document} But this places the image in the top right corner of the. Although. This approach with opagebreak appears to work as well, although I am not sure exactly how robust it is yet. Nested headings are indicated with subsection, subsubsection, etc. 3. It should. To fill the line, we can use it as given below. The column environment is using a minipage environment internally which doesn't has a predefined height like the whole frame has. Some of them are mostly used for vertical spacing, some others are mostly used for horizontal spacing, and perhaps some of them are used in both cases. If you put it within the page, you will ensure that all the following text. What went wrong? If \date was not defined, LaTeX will print the current date. This, evidently, contradicts the definition given above. 1. g. Open this example in Overleaf. } (not inside the title page!) and if you'd like to insert the subtitle in a custom title page, you can use \insertsubtitle (this macro does not have any arguments!) use \titlegraphic {. Try the H option as Ian suggested. Notice that numbers 1 and 2 (a) and (b) are spaced in the way I wanted, while 3 (a) - 3 (d) are. The vertical distance between an in-text LaTeX float (such as your second table) and the text above or below it is governed by the length parameter intextsep. TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of TeX, LaTeX, ConTeXt, and related typesetting systems. Sorted by: 8. Hard to imagine a cover without a title, to define it just type itle{My First Article in LaTeX!vfill} and give your work a title that suits it. But, this solution required manipulating the generated bbl file. You can change the vertical space applied to every paragraph by setting the value of parskip. You changed your code after I posted, and it was hard to tell what needed to be done with the old code. See how they work in a paragraph and how to use the starred version of them. documentclass{report} egin{document} This text might fit onto one page vskip 7. The style is appropriate for most universities, and can be easily customised. 产生一定量的垂直空间，无论大、中还是小。. After compilation, a two-page PDF file will be produced. . In contrast to a normal page, a minipage doesn't have a predefined height. Open this example in Overleaf. For vrulefill it's quite similar:. When TeX sees an end command, it terminates the job only if the main vertical list has been entirely output and if deadcycles=0. pagebreak [number] Breaks the current page at the point it is located. To set the subtitle, you should use \subtitle {. LaTeX vspace 命令添加垂直空间。 空格的长度可以用 LaTeX 理解的任何术语表示，即点、英寸等。您可以使用 vspace 命令添加负空格和正空格。 vspace 命令通常用于在文档的段落、节或其他元素之间添加空格。 它还可用于调整页面上元素的位置，例如表格或图形。I managed to manually break the list of references using the command vfilleject. This is a list of various commands and packages that you might find useful. Moving the box after the fill at this point hides it so it stays. – But in effect, this command just produces the text “ Hello ”, no rule.